(建议用时30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment?
In the southwest African country of Namibia，and the Sahara lands of Mali further north，the desert elephant does just that．
Although not regarded as a separate species from the African elephant，the desert cousin differs in many ways.Their bodies are smaller，to absorb less heat，and their feet are larger for easier walking across sandy surfaces.They are taller，to reach higher branches.They have shorter tusks (象牙)，and most importantly，longer trunks to dig for water in riverbeds.
Desert elephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and waterholes，and have a larger group of families.They drink only every 34 days，and can store water in a “bag” at the back of their throat，which is only used when badly needed.Desert elephants are careful feeders－they seldom root up trees and break fewer branches，and thus maintain what little food sources are available.Young elephants may even eat the dung (粪便) of the female leader of a group when facing food shortage.During drought they are unlikely to give birth to their young but with good rains the birthrate will increase greatly.Desert elephants have sand baths，sometimes adding their own urine (尿液) to make them muddy!
As we continue to overheat our weak planet，it can only be hoped that other animal species will adapt as extraordinarily well to change as the desert elephant.
1．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means “ ”． A．remains in the African countries B．drinks 120 liters of water a day C．manages to live in desert areas D．eats 150 kilograms of food daily
2．Desert elephants are called careful feeders because they ． A．rarely ruin trees B．drink only every 34 days
1
C．search for food in large groups D．protect food sources for their young
3．The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with ． A．stories and explanation B．facts and descriptions C．examples and conclusion D．evidence and argument
4．What can be inferred from the last sentence in the passage? A．Overheating the earth can be stopped. B．Not all animal species are so adaptable. C．The planet will become hotter and hotter. D．Not all animals are as smart as desert elephants.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，属于自然类短文阅读。一个生物怎么能重达5吨，通常每天服用150公斤的食物和120公升的水在沙漠中生存？在纳米比亚的西南非洲国家，和马里的撒哈拉沙漠更远的北部，沙漠象就是这样做的。
1．解析：选C。推理判断题。联系上文，does just that中的that代指第一段中的“survive in a desert environment”(在沙漠环境中生存)。A项“仍然留存于非洲国家”；B项“每天饮用120公升的水”；C项“试图在沙漠地区生存”；D项“每天吃150千克的食物”。选C。
2．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Desert elephants are careful feeders－they seldom root up trees and break fewer branches，and thus maintain what little food sources are available.”可知，沙漠像是细心的捕食者——它们很少把树连根拔起，折断树枝，从而保持了那些稀有的食物来源。故选A。
3．解析：选B。推理判断题。第一段提出问题，二、三、四段举出例子回答问题。A项“故事和解释”；B项“事实和描述”；C项“例子和结论”；D项“证据和说理”。故选B。
4．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，当我们继续为我们的脆弱的星球进行“过热”时，它只能希望其他动物物种能像沙漠中的大象一样适应异常的变化。故选B“不是所有的物种都能适应的。”
B
Earlier this week，I wrapped up(圆满完成) a 5day trip in San Francisco.I woke up a few hours before sunrise，drove through the darkness and out of the city，hiked for 30 minutes to the top of a hill overlooking the Golden Gate Bridge，and snapped (拍摄)this photo.As I stood there soaking in the early morning light，I was
2
reminded of an important lesson.
When I arrived in San Francisco，I told myself，“Just take photos as you do other things.” My primary goal was to meet with friends and so I figured I could take pictures as we walked around the city.This resulted in exactly zero photos worth sharing.I had vague ideas like，“I'd like to do some street photography，” but I never went out with the intent of photographing something specific.Finally，on the last morning，I went out with the intent of capturing a specific picture and I ended up with something worth sharing.My mistake was that I assumed that because I wanted to take photos，I would end up getting a desirable result.
How often do you do this in your own life? We go to the gym to “work out” without trying to become better at something specific.We wish that we were more creative，but never work on a particular project.When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious.You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise？Next step：find a good spot.You've found a good spot？Next step: wake up early and drive there.
This is perhaps the most shocking thing: if box yourself in，then you'll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined.
5．What's the author's original purpose of the trip? A．To take pictures. B．To attend lessons. C．To visit friends. D．To enjoy sunrise.
6．What lesson did the author learn? A．A given task leads to achievement. B．Stick to your own decision. C．Get ready for challenges. D．Hard work pays off.
7．What are you advised to do first when you want to get stronger physically? A．Make a detailed outline. B．Go to work out immediately. C．Discuss the ways with coaches. D．Choose a certain muscle group.
8．What's the function of the last paragraph? A．To introduce a new topic.
3
B．To draw a conclusion. C．To make a suggestion.
D．To ask readers to reflect on something.
【解题导语】 本文为夹叙夹议文。作者去旧金山看日出时突然悟出人生真谛：任务要具体，目标要明确，才会有结果。
【长难句解读】 My mistake was that I assumed that because I wanted to take photos，I would end up getting a desirable result.
分析：本句是复合句。第一个that引导表语从句，表语从句中的that引导宾语从句，作assumed的宾语；在这个宾语从句中，because引导原因状语从句，其对应的主句中现在分词短语getting a desirable result作状语。
译文：我犯的错误就是，我以为因为我想拍照，我就最终会获得让我满意的结果。 5．解析：选C。细节理解题。由第二段中的“My primary goal was to meet with friends”可知，作者来旧金山的最初目的就是访友。
6．解析：选A。推理判断题。由第一段末尾可知作者这次旅行感触颇深，再结合倒数第二段中的“something specific”“a particular project”和“When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious.You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise？Next step：find a good spot.You've found a good spot？Next step：wake up early and drive there.”可知作者收获的感悟是任务要具体，目标要明确，才会有结果。
7．解析：选D。推理判断题。由第二段中的“I had vague ideas”，再结合第三段的内容，尤其是“without trying to become better at something specific”和“When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious.”可知只有任务具体了，方向才能明确，四个选项中只有D项是一个具体的任务，且是首先应做的。
8．解析：选B。推理判断题。由最后一段的内容，尤其是“if box yourself in，then you'll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined”可知，最后一段点明了文章的主题，对上文内容作出了总结。故选B。
Ⅱ.阅读填空
We are humans，and we all make mistakes. The mistakes that we make are not usually on purpose，whether it is breaking a vase，or not completing a task.1. This article will provide you with ideas as to what to do once a mistake has been made.
Admit that you make a mistake as soon as you discover it.Delaying it longer will only make you feel worse，or may drive you toward making the wrong decision to try and cover it up.
2． Do not play the “blame game”．Most people are smart enough to
4
realize that this is just a poor attempt to protect yourself.Perhaps you gave a task to another person and it was never completed.But is it really the entire fault of the person you gave the task to or is it partially your fault for not following up? Keep this in mind before placing the blame on someone else.
3． Maybe you broke your mother's favorite vase，or even forgot a friend's birthday. Just an apology can sometimes be viewed as a “quick fix”，and apologizing and asking to be forgiven gives the person opportunity to forgive you.
Offer some compensation (补偿) for loss，damage，or injury caused.4. By doing this，it may soften the blow to the person we've disappointed.
Learn from your mistakes.In the case of a job or a task，write a“todo” list with the deadline before leaving the meeting.As for forgetting a birthday，put the birthday on an electronic calendar for next year.
Do better next time.5. We should try to understand what happened and try to make sure that it won't happen again.
A．Take responsibility. B．Never repeat your mistakes. C．Apologize and ask for forgiveness. D．Our friends will be disappointed.
E．You'd better meet your friend and say sorry.
F．But not everyone knows how to admit making a mistake.
G．Offer to immediately complete the late task or pay for the vase. 1．解析：选F。根据下面的一句话可知下文要讲述一旦犯了错误该如何做，所以有些人对于如何做并不清晰。
2．解析：选A。本段讲述了有时候错误的产生不一定是别人的过错，在将过错归于别人前要牢记这一点，也就是要承担责任。
3．解析：选C。本段讲述了犯错后道歉可以得到被原谅的机会，所以主题句应选择C。 4．解析：选G。本段讲述了补偿问题。
5．解析：选B。本段讲述了下一次应该如何做，确保错误不会再次发生，所以选择B。 Ⅲ.语法填空
Chinese cultural exchange groups showed the country's first ever official mascots (吉祥物) for the allimportant Chinese lunar New Year.
The two mascots，1. (name) “Nian Wa” and “Chun Ni”，2. mean New Year Boy and Spring Girl，are based on some traditional characters.These
5
characters are from traditional woodblock prints 3. (wide) seen as symbols of good luck and happiness.
Chun Ni and Nian Wa also symbolize a balance of yin and yang.The patterns on their costume－a bat and two fish respectively－ 4. (be) signs of long life and prosperity according 5. Chinese traditions.
Li Hanqiu，a professor of classical Chinese literature at Peking University，says this could be a way for the world to 6. (well) understand Chinese culture.
“We are announcing official symbols and mascots for the Spring Festival because we hope 7. (share) traditional Chinese culture with everyone through modern communications means and let 8. take root in all Chinese people's hearts.We also expect to attract 9. bigger fan base among young people，and make the festival more popular and accessible for the global audience.”
The dolllike images stood out among more than 2，000 applications. China Post has released a 10. (collect) of commemorative (用作纪念的) stamps featuring the two mascots.
【解题导语】 中国文化交流组织正式发布了中华春节吉祥物——年娃和春妮，它们被赋予了“中国年”的特定含义，其设计来源于中国的传统文化。
1．解析：named。考查非谓语动词。句意：被命名为“年娃”和“春妮”的两个吉祥物，指的是中国的“金童玉女”，其设计是基于一些传统的人物形象。该句中已有谓语are based on，因此第1空应用非谓语动词形式；根据句意可知，“Nian Wa”和“Chun Ni”是“被命名”，它们与name之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填named。
2．解析：which。考查定语从句。句意见上一题解析。分析句式结构可知，第二个逗号后为非限制性定语从句，应用which引导。
3．解析：widely。考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词seen，应用副词形式，故填widely。 4．解析：are。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：他们的衣服上分别装饰着“蝙蝠”和“双鱼”图案，其在中国传统民俗中寓意为“福(蝙蝠)庆有余(鱼)”。设空处作句子的谓语，主语为The patterns，且此处讲述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are。
5．解析：to。考查介词。句意见上一题解析。according to为固定短语，意为“按照，根据”，符合句意。故填to。
6．解析：better。考查副词比较等级。句意：北京大学中国古典文学教授李汉秋表示，这可能是让世界更好地了解中国文化的一种方式。根据句意可知，本句隐含比较意义，表示“更好地了解”，因此应用比较级。well的比较级形式为better。
6
7．解析：to share。考查非谓语动词。句意：我们正式发布春节的官方标志和吉祥物，是因为我们希望通过现代通信手段，与每一个人分享中国的传统文化，让它根植于所有中国人的心里。hope后常接不定式作宾语，hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”。故填to share。
8．解析：it。考查代词。句意见上一题解析。设空处作let的宾语，指代上文中的traditional Chinese culture。故填代词it。
9．解析：a。考查冠词。句意：我们也希望吸引更多的年轻“粉丝”，让春节变得更加流行，并为全球观众所接受。设空处后为名词词组bigger fan base，且表泛指。故应填不定冠词a。
10．解析：collection。考查词性转换。句意：中国邮政已发行了一套印有这两个吉祥物的纪念邮票。设空处前有不定冠词a修饰，空后为介词of，故设空处应用名词形式。故填collection。
7
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容