外研版高一英语必修一第二单元

外研版高一英语必修

一第二单元

------------------------------------------作者xxxx ------------------------------------------日期xxxx

【精品文档】

一 小测验

Ⅰ.课标单词

2．energetic adj.精力充沛的→ ________n．精力

1. ________ adj. 有趣的；可笑的→ ________adj. 感到有趣的→ ________vt. 使愉快→ amusement n. 乐趣， 娱乐 3．nervous adj.紧张的；焦虑的→ ___________ n. 神经紧张；焦虑

4. ________ adj.有组织的；有系统的→organizer n．组织者→ ________ v．组织→ ___________n．组织 5. ________adj. 耐心的→ ________ n．耐心

6. ________ v. 感激， 欣赏→ appreciation n．感激， 欣赏

7．scientific adj. 科学的→ ________ n. 科学→ ________ n. 科学家 8. ________ n．总结；摘要；提要→summarize vt.总结；概述 9. ________ n．复习→revise vt.复习； 修订， 修改

11．relaxed adj.轻松的；宽松的→ ________ adj.令人轻松的→ ________vt.使轻松→relaxation n．轻松；放松 12． ________adv.同样地；类似地→ ________ adj.同样的；类似的→similarity n. 相似

Ⅱ.常用短语

1．____________________________________确定， 确信；查明 2．____________________________________犯错误 3．____________________________________取得进步 4．____________________________________不断/总是做某事 5．____________________________________结果

6．____________________________________在某方面干得好 7．____________________________________事实上 8．____________________________________睡着

9．____________________________________讲笑话；开玩笑 10．____________________________________厌倦了

11．____________________________________宁愿， 宁可

12．____________________________________适用于……， 合乎……的事实

【精品文档】

【精品文档】

二 知识点总结

1 avoid vt. (to prevent sth. bad from happening；to stay away from sb. or sth.) 避免， 逃避， 躲避， 回避 avoid sth./sb. 躲避某事或某人 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 【相关拓展】

只跟v. ­ing形式 (不可用不定式)作宾语的常见动词及动词短语有：

mind, risk, practise, keep, consider, miss, suggest, enjoy, delay, admit, escape, finish, appreciate, imagine, give up,

insist on, can’t help, be worth, look forward to, get down to等。

【活学活用】 (1) Road safety should be taught to young children to_______ ____________________. 应该教给小孩子们道路安全规则以避免道路事故。 (2) I try to avoid _______________on Saturdays because the stores are so crowded. 我尽量不在星期六上街购物， 因为星期六商店里到处都是人。

2 appreciate vt. (to value highly; to be grateful for sth. that sb. has done )欣赏， 赏识；感激

(1) appreciation n． 欣赏， 赏识；感激 (2) appreciate (one/one’s) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事……

【经典句式】

I would appreciate it if…如果……， 我将不胜感激。 【温馨提示】

enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词后加it后跟if或when从句， 构成固定句型。如：

I don’t like it when people speak with their mouth full. 我不喜欢人们满嘴食物时说话。 【活学活用】 (1) I really appreciate your ________ me that great favour yesterday.我非常感激你昨天帮了我很大的忙。 (2) ________________________you could turn the music down. 如果你把音乐调小一些， 我将不胜感激。 (3) Her abilities _______________________by her employer.她的才干没有完全得到雇主的赏识。

3 admit vt. (to allow sb./sth. to enter)许可进入， 接受某人(入院或入学等)；(to say that you have done sth. wrong) 承认， 供认(常为不情愿地)

(1) admission n. 承认；允许进入；入场费 (2) admit sb./sth. to/into… 允许……进入/加入…… be admitted to/into… 被……接收 (3) admit doing sth. 承认做了……

【经典句式】

It is generally admitted that…普遍认为…… 【活学活用】 (1) George would never _____________________. 乔治从不认错。

【精品文档】

【精品文档】

(2) Through her hard work, she _________________________Peking University. 通过努力学习， 她最后被北京大学录取。

4 prefer v. (to like better)更喜欢

prefer (doing/n. )…to (doing/n. )… 喜欢……尤胜于…… prefer to do…rather than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 【活学活用】

Some people nowadays prefer _______________during the golden week rather than ____out for holidays. ＝ Some people nowadays prefer _______________during the golden week to ________ out for holidays. 现在有些人喜欢在黄金周期间呆在家里而不是外出度假。

5 as a result 因此， 结果

(1) as a result ___… 由于…… (2) as a consequence 因此， 结果 as a consequence of 由于……的结果 (3) result ___ 造成；导致 result from 因……发生

【情景记忆】

【活学活用】 (1) ___________the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled. 由于飞行员的罢工， 所有的航班都取消了。 (2) He had his leg injured. ____________, he had to stay in bed for two weeks. 他的腿受伤了， 结果不得不在床上躺了两周。 (3) His failure ____________carelessness. 他的失败是由于粗心造成的。

6 keep doing sth. 继续/反复做某事

keep sb. doing 使某人一直做…… keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做……

keep up 使保持、维持(在同一水平)；使不低落；继续 keep ___with 跟上， 不落后 keep on 继续 【易混辨析】

keep doing和keep on doing (1) keep doing：cause a process or state to continue使某一过程或状态继续。如： keep smiling 保持微笑， 再笑一笑

【精品文档】

【精品文档】

(2) keep on doing：continue doing sth.；do sth. frequently or repeatedly继续做某事；不断或反复做某事。如：I wish you wouldn’t keep on interrupting me. 我真希望你不要总是打断我。

由此可见， keep doing更强调“状态的持续， 继续”， 而keep on doing更强调“动作的反复”， 但现在这两个短语意义经常混用。 【温馨提示】

keep sb. from doing sth.中的from不能省略， 注意不要和keep sb. doing 混淆。

另外与keep sb. from doing意义相似的短语prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.在主动语态中from可以省略， 被动语态中不可以。 【活学活用】 (1) Please keep the fire ________. It is too cold here. 请让火一直烧着， 这里太冷了。 (2) ____________until you reach a large roundabout. 继续走， 直到你到达一个宽阔的环状交叉路口。 (3) What kept you ___________? 什么使你没能来？

7 make sure (of sth./that…) 确保，查明，核实，弄清楚

be sure to do sth. 一定/务必做某事 for sure 无疑， 肯定， 有把握地 be/feel sure ________ 确信， 深信

【温馨提示】

在make sure的从句中， 如果是谈将来的事情， 要用一般现在时而不是将来时。 【活学活用】 (1) I think the door’s locked, but I’d better go and ________ _________________ . 我想门已经锁了， 但我最好还是去查看一下。 (2) You must ______________the time and place. 你必须把时间和地点弄清楚。

8 would rather 宁愿， 宁可

(1) would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事 would rather have done sth. 宁愿做过某事 (但事实上没做) (2) would rather do A than do B 宁愿做A也不做B (3) would rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某人做某事(用于虚拟语气， 谈现在和将来的情况)

would rather sb. had done sth.宁愿某人做过某事(谈过去的情况， 但过去的事实是：没有做) 【活学活用】

1. 根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)Even though the city was under attack, some old people would rather ___________. 虽然城市正遭受攻击， 但是一些老人就是不愿意撤离。

(2)On hot summer days, I’d rather go out swimming in the river _________________enjoying air conditioners. 在炎热的夏日， 我宁愿外出到河里游泳也不愿呆在家 里享受空调。 (3) I _____________________________yesterday. 我宁愿昨天已经做了这份工作。 2. 单项填空

I’d rather you ________ about it. I don’t want to tell you about it. A．don’t know B．didn’t know C．hadn’t known D．haven’t known

【精品文档】

【精品文档】

【解析】 B 由第二句话可知“你不知道这件事”，因此would rather后面的从句中表达的是与现在相反的虚拟，因此用一般过去时。

9 句型公式

so that引导的状语从句

主句＋so that…(结果状语从句)

主句＋so that…can/could/may/might/will/would…(目的状语从句)

I’ve always hated making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English, but Mrs Li just smiles, so that you don’t feel completely stupid.

我一直讨厌说英语时出错或读错单词， 但是李老师只是笑笑， 那样你就不会感到自己很笨。 【归纳比较】 (1) so that引导的目的状语从句中常会有情态动词can, could, may, might, will, would等， 可与in order that 互换；而so that引导的结果状语从句中一般没有情态动词， 有时可以和so…that…互换。 (2) so that引导的目的状语从句之前不用逗号， 而so that引导的结果状语从句与主句之间往往用逗号隔开(即略作停顿)。

10 句型公式

with 复合结构， 在句中表状态或说明背景情况， 常作伴 随、方式、原因、条件等状语。 prep. phrase 强调名词的特性或状态 adj. 强调名词的特性或状态 to do 强调不定式动作尚未发生 doing 强调名词与v.­ing分词之间

with＋名词＋ 是主动关系或某动作、状态正在进行

done 强调名词与v.­ed分词之间 是被动关系或动作已经发生

…， but I think I’ll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me. 但我想， 有陈老师教我， 我一定会考好的

【活学活用】 1. 根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)We went through the forest without any difficulty with the guide ________ us. 有导游的引导， 我们毫不费力地穿过了森林。 (2)With the windows ________, it is cooler. 窗户开着， 凉快多了。 2. 单项填空

_______ his pen _______ , he had to borrow one from me. A．With; lost B．For; lost C．With; losing D．Because; lost

【解析】 A 考查with复合结构。for和because都是连词，后面要跟句子，要说because his pen was/had been lost, 而且for表原因时引导的句子要放在后面，因此排除B、D。 with后面可以跟复合结构，his pen与lose之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。故选A。

【精品文档】

【精品文档】

三 基础训练

选词填空

make progress， in fact， get bored with， would rather， be true of

1．Our monitor is very clever; ________, he is the cleverest in our class.

2．He is such a person that he won’t ______________staying at home all day. 3．Many people like staying up, and this ___________me. 4．I am glad that I am _________________in my studies. 5．I _________________not say. You know, it’s a secret.

单项填空

1．Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ________ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused 2．If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ________ reaction will be to tell the police. A. physical B. immediate C. sensitive D. sudden

3．I think you should complain ________， of course, you are happy with the way things are. A．if B．unless C．as D．because 4．—Ken, ________ , but your TV is going too loud. —Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll turn it down right now. A．I’d like to talk with you B．I’m really tired of this C．I hate to say this D．I need your help

5. If you leave the club, you will not be ________ back in. A．received B．admitted C．turned D．moved 6．—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

—Sorry. With so much work ________ my mind, I almost break down. A．filled B．filling C．to fill D．being filled 7．He began to take political science ________ only when he left school. A．strictly B．truly C．carefully D．seriously

8．With no better way to express feelings of love and ________ , it’s easy to see why everyone turns to the flower shop on Mother’s Day.

A．appreciation B．inspiration C．satisfaction D．ambition 9．I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little ________ . A．wait B．time C．patience D．rest 10．No one can avoid ________ by advertisements. A．to be influenced B．being influenced C．influencing D．having influence

【精品文档】

【精品文档】

10【解析】 B 考查avoid的用法。avoid 后面要加动名词作宾语。句意：没有人能够避免被广告影响。因此用being influenced。

9【解析】 C 考查名词词义辨析。根据句意可知说话者要求对方要耐心以便等待调查结果。因此选C，patience耐心。而wait是指“等待”这一具体的动作。

8【解析】 A appreciation 意为“感激，感谢”；inspiration 意为“灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事物”；satisfaction 意为“满意”；ambition 意为“抱负， 雄心， 野心”。appreciation符合句意。

7【解析】 D 考查副词词义辨析。take something seriously 意思是：认真对待某物。

6【解析】 B 考查with复合结构。在with复合结构中work与fill是逻辑上的主动关系，因此要用现在分词，表示“很多工作占据了我的大脑”。

5【解析】 B 考查动词词义辨析。admit允许进入。

4【解析】 C 考查交际用语。I hate to say this意为：我真不想说，但……

3【解析】 B 考查连词。句意：我想你应该抱怨——当然除非你对现在的状况满意。unless＝if not，正符合语义。 2【解析】 B 考查形容词词义辨析。由句意“如果我发现某人长相酷似疑犯，我的第一反应是报告给警察”。physical身体上的；immediate立即的，立刻的；sensitive敏感的；sudden突然的。

1【解析】 A 考查非谓语动词。根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词构成被动关系，故用keep＋sb./sth.＋done结构。

【精品文档】